European Union

Threats to the EU from Asia-Pacific

Threat actors based in the region whose known victims include EU member states, incidents in the region that touch the EU, and the EU's own projects in the sectors and countries that are targeted. Graded by rules, not by a model: every grade shows its reason.

Actors from the region that target EU member states

All of high EU relevance →
ActorSuspected sponsorEU member states among its victimsTechniquesNews · 30d
Lazarus Group G1036
1 incident on the register
KP North Korea FRDE 30 5
UTA0178
2 incidents on the register
CN China DE — 3
APT17 G0001 CN China BEDEITNL 16 1
Kimsuky G0094 KP North Korea DE 130 1
MUSTANG PANDA G1014 CN China DE 28 1
BRONZE SPRING CN China BEDELTNLESSE — —
APT10 G0045 CN China FIFRSE 46 —
APT1 G0006 CN China BEFRLU 23 —
APT41 G0044 CN China FRITNL 6 —
APT40 G0065 CN China BEDE 50 —
Earth Lusca G1006 CN China FRDE 44 —
APT14 CN China DESE — —
APT21 CN China DEES — —
TA406 KP North Korea FRDE — —
APT32 G0050 VN Vietnam DE 78 —
APT27 G0027 CN China FR 57 —
APT15 G0004 CN China DE 46 —
Higaisa G0126 KR South Korea PL 28 —
HAZY TIGER G1002 IN India DE 16 —
Beijing Group G0066 CN China DK 9 —
Mofang G0103 CN China DE 6 —
DAGGER PANDA CN China DE — —
Sandman APT CN China FR — —
SharpPanda CN China DE — —
Storm-0558 CN China DE — —
VICEROY TIGER IN India DE — —
Sponsor and victim countries as recorded by MISP Galaxy and MITRE ATT&CK: public attribution, which lags behind operations and is incomplete. News: Asia-Pacific articles that name the actor in the last 30 days.

Where they come from actors by sponsor

Member states most often among the victims

DE Germany19FR France8BE Belgium4NL Netherlands3SE Sweden3IT Italy2ES Spain2LT Lithuania1FI Finland1LU Luxembourg1
Number of the actors on the left that list the member state as a victim.

EU-relevant actors in the news 30 days

  • Lazarus Group EU high · 5 articles, last Nov 9
    EU cyber sanctions since July 2020 (WannaCry)
  • UTA0178 EU medium · 3 articles, last Nov 12
    Targets EU member states (Germany)
  • APT17 EU high · 1 article, last Nov 11
    Targets EU member states (Belgium, Germany, Italy, Netherlands) as well as 3 Asia-Pacific countries
  • APT29 EU high · 1 article, last Nov 9
    Targets EU member states (Belgium, Germany, Portugal, Romania) as well as 4 Asia-Pacific countries
  • Kimsuky EU medium · 1 article, last Oct 29
    Targets EU member states (Germany)
  • MUSTANG PANDA EU medium · 1 article, last Nov 10
    Targets EU member states (Germany)

Incidents in the region that touch the EU

All 81 →
From the incident register; Detected entries were found by rules in the news and have not been reviewed.

EU digital cooperation where cyber activity is highest

Cooperation portfolio →
CountryEU digital projectsCyber news · 30dActors targetingPhysical
KR South Korea 2 150 26 Elevated
TW Taiwan 1 82 22 Elevated
TH Thailand 1 79 9 Elevated
SG Singapore 2 66 8 Elevated
MY Malaysia 1 53 14 Elevated
KH Cambodia 1 48 4 Elevated
PH Philippines 2 33 8 Elevated
VN Vietnam 1 28 12 Elevated
ID Indonesia 1 28 6 Elevated
MM Myanmar 1 14 4 High
Countries with an EU Digital & ICT project, most cyber news first. A multi-country project counts in each of its countries; budgets are EU allocations to the country alone.

EU projects in targeted sectors 47 of 75 active or planned projects, most exposed first

EU projectSectorCountriesActors targeting the sector thereExamplesIncidents
ESIWA+ — Enhancing Security Cooperation in and with Asia
Active
Peace & Security INJPSGTHKRVN+3 15
China-linked 8, Russia-linked 3
APT28TurlaWIZARD SPIDER 7
Erasmus+ — Asia-Pacific Exchanges
Active · EUR 26200M programme-wide envelope
Education & Skills INJPSGAUCNTH+15 12
China-linked 7, Russia-linked 2
TurlaEarth LuscaTA505 9
EU-Malaysia PCA (Partnership & Cooperation Agreement)
Active
Governance & Rule of Law MY 10
China-linked 5, Russia-linked 1
APT40ToddyCatInception Framework 2
SCOPE Digital — Copernicus Earth Observation Southeast Asia
Active
Digital & ICT SGTHVNPHIDMY+3 8
China-linked 8
APT27Earth LuscaAPT17 10
EU-Thailand Partnership and Cooperation Agreement
Active
Governance & Rule of Law TH 8
China-linked 6, North Korea-linked 1
APT27APT10Earth Lusca 4
EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA)
Active
Trade & Investment JP 6
China-linked 3, Russia-linked 2
WIZARD SPIDEREarth LuscaTA505 9
EU-South Korea Digital Partnership Council
Active
Digital & ICT KR 6
China-linked 4, Iran-linked 1
APT27APT41Cleaver 5
EU-South Korea Digital Trade Agreement (DTA)
Active
Digital & ICT KR 6
China-linked 4, Iran-linked 1
APT27APT41Cleaver 5
EU-Taiwan Semiconductor Cooperation
Active · EUR 5000M member-state funding
Digital & ICT TW 6
China-linked 5, Russia-linked 1
WIZARD SPIDERAPT27Earth Lusca 3
EU Support to Higher Education in ASEAN Region (EU SHARE)
Active
Education & Skills SGTHVNPHIDMY+5 6
China-linked 5, Russia-linked 1
Earth LuscaTA505APT41 3
Horizon Europe — Asia-Pacific Research Cooperation
Active · EUR 93500M programme-wide envelope
Research & Innovation INJPSGAUCNTH+5 6
China-linked 3, Russia-linked 1
APT29Earth LuscaCleaver —
EU-Taiwan Trade and Investment Dialogue
Active
Trade & Investment TW 5
China-linked 4, Russia-linked 1
WIZARD SPIDEREarth LuscaAntlion 4
EU-Australia Security and Defence Partnership
Active
Peace & Security AU 5
China-linked 3, Russia-linked 1
WIZARD SPIDERAPT27APT14 3
EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI)
Planned
Trade & Investment CN 5
China-linked 4
Earth LuscaAPT41Tick 2
EU-China GI Agreement (Geographical Indications)
Active
Trade & Investment CN 5
China-linked 4
Earth LuscaAPT41Tick 2
Victim sectors (MISP Galaxy, incident register) are mapped to the sectors of EU cooperation projects: government to Governance, telecoms and technology to Digital & ICT, defence to Peace & Security, and so on. Actors without known victim sectors are not counted.

How EU relevance is graded

Sources and method →

High: the actor is under EU cyber sanctions, or its known victims include EU member states as well as Asia-Pacific countries; for an incident, EU member states were also affected, or the EU or one of its agencies is named in the response. Medium: it hits a sector in which the EU runs cooperation projects in the same country, or EU member states only. Everything else is low. The grades are recomputed every day from the profiles and the register.